What is a Colonoscopy? A colonoscopy is an outpatient procedure performed under sedation that allows the entire interior of the large intestine (rectum and colon) to be examined. A colonoscopy helps diagnose symptoms such as bleeding, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, among others. It allows the diagnosis, or in other cases the prevention, of polyps or colon cancer, and other gastrointestinal conditions.
The gastroenterologist inserts a colonoscope through the anus and passes it through all regions of the colon until reaching the cecum, and in most cases, to the last part of the small intestine called the ileum.
This procedure takes approximately 30 minutes and must be performed under sedation. In some cases, a biopsy may be required at the doctor's discretion.
After the examination, the patient will be taken to a recovery room until the effects of sedation wear off. He or she will be discharged and given the results at the previously agreed time.
- Colon cancer screening : Starting at age 45-50 as part of a routine checkup, especially if there is a family history of colon cancer.
- Rectal bleeding : To identify the cause of the bleeding, such as hemorrhoids, ulcers, or tumors.
- Changes in bowel habits : If there is chronic diarrhea, prolonged constipation, or unexplained abdominal pain.
- Polyp detection : Benign growths that may become cancerous.
- Evaluation of inflammatory bowel diseases : Such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.