What is a Rectosigmoidoscopy? A Rectosigmoidoscopy is an outpatient procedure that examines the anus and the inside of the last part of the colon (rectum and sigmoid). This exam is performed to diagnose diseases such as hemorrhoids, anal infections, polyps, rectal inflammations or fissures. It can be performed with or without sedation, depending on the patient’s choice.
Unlike colonoscopy, which examines the entire colon, rectosigmoidoscopy focuses on the final third of the large intestine. It is an effective technique for detecting and diagnosing various conditions in that area.
The gastroenterologist inserts a colonoscope into the anus to examine it, then passes it through the rectum and from there reaches the sigmoid colon to examine all parts.
You may experience some discomfort during the exam. The patient can decide whether or not to undergo the exam under sedation.
The exam lasts 30 minutes. In some cases, a biopsy may be required at the doctor's discretion.
If the examination is performed under sedation, the patient will be taken to a recovery room afterwards until the effects wear off. The patient will be discharged and the results will be given to him/her at the previously agreed time.
It is recommended to evaluate symptoms or conditions related to the rectum and the final part of the colon, such as:
- Rectal bleeding : To identify the cause of visible or microscopic bleeding.
- Changes in bowel habits : Such as persistent diarrhea, chronic constipation, or changes in stool consistency.
- Lower abdominal pain : Unexplained or persistent.
- Polyps or cancer : To detect and diagnose polyps, which may become cancerous, or for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
- Inflammatory bowel diseases : Such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease in the lower intestine.